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Introduction:
Aspirin, also called acetylsalicylic acid, is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug used to relieve pain, fever, and inflammation. Aspirin is also used long-term to help prevent such as heart attacks, ischaemic strokes, and blood clots in people at high risk. Aspirin is generally not available without a doctor's prescription.
It comes in many forms, including:
Pills
Powders
Oral gels
Soluble tablets
Uses:
How to Consume:
Take this medicine as prescribed by the doctor. If you’re on upset stomach take it with food. The person must chew the chewable tablet and then swallow the medicine. Do not use aspirin medication. If the drug smells strongly like vinegar within the container, it could not be working anymore. If you missed the dose of your scheduled, then take the medicine as soon as you remember.
High dose medicine should taken as prescribed by doctor, but (to relieve pain) can be taken 3 to 4 times a day, with at least 4 hours between each dose, until your symptoms improve.
Low dose aspirin- is taken once a day (to prevent blood clots) and generally for the rest of your life.
Duration between two doses:
Tablets of Aspirin usually comes as 300mg tablets. Aspirin dose of two tablets, taken every 4 to 6 hours.
Aspirin suppositories -the suppositories come in 2 strengths. They contain
150mg - the usual dose is 3 to 6 suppositories usually in 450mg to 900mg used 4 hours.
300mg - normal dose is 1 to 3 suppositories this is 300mg to 900mg, used every 4 hours.
Aspirin mouth gel for mouth ulcers or sores take an inch and apply to it sore area.
Side Effects:
Some side effects of aspirin are there with followed symptoms:
The most common effects are;
Indigestion and stomach aches-taking your dose with food may help you reduce this risk.
Bleeding or bruising more easily than normal.
Chest pain or discomfort
Decreased frequency or amount of urine
Bloody or cloudy urine
Difficulty breathing
If you are a dengue patient, then don't take aspirin.
Drug Mechanism:
Pharmacokinetics:
Acetylsalicylic acid inhibits prostaglandin synthesis in the body by attacking the enzymes cyclooxygenase-1 (COX and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)9,10,11.Prostaglandins are potent, irritating substances that have been shown to cause headaches and pain when injected in humans. In addition to histamine and bradykinin, prostaglandins also make pain receptors more sensitive. By interrupting the production of prostaglandins during inflammation and preventing their release, this drug can stop acting on pain receptors and thereby prevent pain symptoms. It is considered an antipyretic due to its ability to interfere with the production of gin E1. Prostaglandin E1 is known to be a very potent antipyretic.
Plasma concentrations of aspirin following administration of sustained-release forms are generally not detectable 4 to 8 hours after ingestion of a single dose. Salicylic acid levels were determined within 24 hours after receiving a single dose of sustained-release acetylsalicylic acid 21.
Pharmacodynamic:
Aspirin is in a group of medicines or drugs called salicylates. It functions by preventing the synthesis of a few natural chemicals that result in fever, discomfort, swelling, and blood clots. Aspirin take action by blocking a molecule called cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) in platelets, degenerating them from becoming activated. But the aspirin medication also blocks other related chemicals throughout the body, which can lessen its anti-clotting effects.
Safety Measures:
When to see doctor:
Consult your doctor This usually occurs if you are taking aspirin with certain medicines (NSAIDs, blood thinner). Consider your doctor right away if you have black tarry stools, severe or continuing stomach pain, unusual bleeding bruising, or weakness, or vomiting of blood or material that looks like coffee grounds. Because these symptoms can lead serious issues.
Allergic Reactions:
Allergic reactions to these medications include:
1. Flushing
2. Itching
3. Rashes
4. Blocked and runny nose
5. Asthma
Your risk for this medication is 10-30% compared to 1% in people without these conditions.
Available dosage form:
Form:
Tablets:
Strength – 81mg, 325mg, 500mg.
Form – chewable tablets.
Strength – 75mg, 81mg.
The dosage should be taken exactly as advised by the doctor.
1.Usual pediatric dose for kawasaki Disease.
Early acute: Orally, in split dosages, for up to 14 days, 80 to 100 mg/kg of an anti-inflammatory drug.
Followed by: 1 to 5mg/kg orally per day for 6 to 8 weeks (as an antiplatelet agent).
2.Usual Pediatric dose for fever
12 years or older; 300 to 650 mg orally every 4-6 hours are needed.
Maximum dose; 4g in 24 hours.
3.Pain and fever;
Adult;325-650 mg orally every4-6 hours as needed.
Children under 12years-orally10-15mg/kgevery4hours,upto60-80mg/kg/day.
4.Myocardial infarction
Immediate-release
Initial dose; once as soon as myocardial infarction is suspected.160 to 162.5mg orally
Maintenance dose; 160mg to 162.5mg orally once a day for 30 days post-infraction.
5.Adult dose for ischemic stroke
Immediate release; 50 to 325mg orally once a day.
Extended release; 162.5mg orally once a day.
6.Adult dose for ischemic stroke – prophylaxis
Immediate release; 50 to 325mg orally once a day.
Extended release; 162.5mg orally once a day.
7.Usual adult dose for angina pectoris
Immediate release; 75mg to 525mg orally once a day.
Extended release; 162 mg of dose or medicine orally once a day.
8.Usual adult dose for cardiovascular risk reduction
50 years or older; 75mg to 100mg orally once a day.
Adults with type1 or type2 diabetes at increased CVD risk; 75mg to 162mg orally once a day.
Important Note:
Aspirin will typically alleviate discomfort, minimise elevated temperatures (fever) and decrease swelling at high dose of 300mg.
After heart surgery or to treat kawaski disease aspirin can also be recommended for infants but without medical care it cannot be issued to someone under 16 years old.
Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding may take low dose aspirin doctor usually do not recommend high dose aspirin during pregnancy.
Aspirin medicine is available over the counter or by prescription.
Available brands:
Ascription
Aspergum
Aspirtab
Bayer
Easpirin
Ecotrin
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